History Intro · 溫習腦圖（打橫·大字）
喇沙書院 F.1 Isaac · Lesson Guideline 1–2 · 媽媽指定：打橫 A4 · 放大字體方便打印
第 1／2 頁 · What is history · Calendars · Time
LG1 What is history? + LG2 Calculation of Time
Definition 必記
- History = study of people + events in the past
- Not future plans · Not unproven rumours · Not false claims
Why study history?
- Know more about the past
- Know what people did before
- Gain knowledge
- Understand reasons why things are as they are
History or Not? 必記
- ✓ History: dated past facts (e.g. 1945 atomic bombs; school inaugurated 1932; writing ~4000 BC)
- ✗ Not: future events · rumours without proof · impossible/false stories
Calendars
- Chinese: emperors’ reign titles
- Islamic: AH from Hegira; AH 1 ≈ AD 622
- Many countries: Christian / Gregorian
BC / AD 必記
- Starts at birth of Jesus Christ
- BC = Before Christ
- AD = Anno Domini (after birth)
- CE≈AD · BCE≈BC · BP=Before Present
Time units
- 10 years = 1 decade
- 100 years = 1 century
- 1000 years = 1 millennium
Year → century tips
- AD 1–100 → 1st · AD 1901–2000 → 20th
- AD 2001–2100 → 21st (e.g. 2023)
- BC: 700–601 BC → 7th century BC
Quick conversions (examples)
| Year | Century | Year | Century |
|---|
| AD 2023 | 21st AD | AD 1997 | 20th AD |
| AD 1000 | 10th AD | AD 26 | 1st AD |
| 615 BC | 7th BC | 920 BC | 10th BC |
History Intro · Periods + Evidence（打橫·大字）
喇沙書院 F.1 · LG2 Periods + LG3 Historical evidence · 媽媽指定：打橫 A4
第 2／2 頁 · Periods · Primary/Secondary · Written/Non-written
LG2 Periods + LG3 Historical evidence
Prehistoric vs Historic 必記
Prehistoric：before write→
~4000 BC write (Egypt + Mesopotamia)→
Historic times
Three periods (European history)
| Period | Span | Ends when… |
|---|
| Ancient | 4000 BC – AD 476 | Western Roman Empire collapsed |
| Medieval / Middle Ages | AD 476 – AD 1453 | Eastern Roman (Byzantine) collapsed |
| Modern | AD 1453 – Now | — |
Primary sources 原始 必記
- First-hand · people who were there
- e.g. letter, diary, building, stamp of the time, gov. records
Secondary sources 二手
- Second-hand · made later / not present
- e.g. textbooks, later histories, reconstructions
Written 文字
- Records in writing (since ~4000 BC)
- letters · books · newspapers · diaries
Non-written 非文字
- Objects / artifacts · oral history
- buildings · fossils · bones · tools
Sort examples (concept check)
| Example | Primary/Secondary | Written/Non-written |
|---|
| S1 history textbook | Secondary | Written |
| Wartime personal diary | Primary | Written |
| Modern 3D reconstruction picture | Secondary | Non-written |
| 1948 postage stamp | Primary | Non-written |
| Ancient building | Primary | Non-written |
Calc tips
- Age span (same era AD): later year − earlier year
- BC war length: earlier BC number − later BC number (e.g. 290−135=155)
- Evidence is important to find the truth about past events