Jason Liang Policy-to-Power Brief

Expand Public Housing Through Municipal Social Housing

How the Council can use city land, dedicated housing funds, zoning, debt, and long-term affordability controls to build a city-owned or city-controlled housing portfolio.

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Bottom line

STRONG CITY AUTHORITYThe Council has substantial power to create and finance Honolulu-owned or Honolulu-controlled affordable rental housing, even though the state—not the Council—runs the Hawaiʻi Public Housing Authority.
Power statement to memorize“The Council controls the ingredients of municipal social housing: land approvals, capital appropriations, the Affordable Housing Fund, zoning, bonds, tax incentives, and oversight. I would combine them into a permanent city housing portfolio.”

1. Which Council powers apply

PowerApplication
City landAcquire sites, approve long-term ground leases, repurpose parcels, and preserve public ownership.
BudgetsFund acquisition, predevelopment, construction, rehabilitation, management, and resident services.
Affordable Housing FundUse the Charter-dedicated fund for eligible land and housing development with long affordability.
BondsFinance long-lived assets; general obligation authorization requires six votes.
Zoning/plansAllow density, mixed use, reduced parking, and suitable public projects.
Tax/fee policyPair exemptions and fee relief with permanent affordability and public reporting.
Office of HousingAssign pipeline, finance, development, and monitoring responsibilities through law and budget.
Public entityCreate a proprietary semi-autonomous agency by ordinance under §3-121 if needed.

Terminology

Say municipal social housing or city-owned/city-controlled affordable housing. “Public housing” can imply direct control over state HPHA, which the Council does not have.

2. A credible Council action package

  1. Publish a city-site inventory. Rank parcels by readiness, infrastructure, zoning, transit, and opportunity cost.
  2. Create a rolling acquisition and predevelopment fund. Pay for options, diligence, design, and environmental work before sites disappear.
  3. Authorize a first portfolio. Select several sites and choose city ownership, nonprofit ground lease, or public entity.
  4. Preserve public land. Prefer ownership or long-term ground lease over permanent sale.
  5. Use mixed-income cross-subsidy carefully. Improve operating stability without losing the public mission.
  6. Publish delivery metrics. Land cost, total cost, subsidy per unit, schedule, rents, tenant income, and operating results.
First-year deliverableA funded, publicly ranked pipeline—not one ceremonial groundbreaking.

3. Legal and operational limits

Do not overclaim: the Council creates the land, financing, legal, and accountability framework and funds a delivery organization; it does not pour concrete itself.

4. Recent Honolulu examples

Resolution 24-176

The Queen Theater acquisition action illustrates public-purpose land strategy: Council action, due diligence, funding, and executive execution.

District 4 land advocacy

The District 4 office reports urging acquisition of 1615 Ala Wai Boulevard for affordable housing, showing how a member can elevate a parcel into a citywide decision.

Bill 63 and Ordinance 24-23

Recent measures used fee waivers and rental-housing incentives, demonstrating Council influence over development economics.

Affordable Housing Fund

The Charter dedicates real property tax revenue to qualifying rental housing, including land and construction, with long affordability terms.

5. Debate practice

30-second answer

“Honolulu already has the legal tools to create municipal social housing. The Council controls city land approvals, the Affordable Housing Fund, capital spending, zoning, tax incentives, and bonds. I would publish every viable city site, fund a rolling acquisition and predevelopment pipeline, and preserve land through public ownership or long-term ground leases. The public should see unit counts, rents, costs, and deadlines before we spend.”

90-second answer

“When I say public housing, I mean a Honolulu-owned or Honolulu-controlled portfolio that stays affordable for generations. The state runs HPHA, so I will not pretend a councilmember commands that agency. The city can acquire land, use the Affordable Housing Fund, authorize bonds, approve long-term ground leases, zone sites appropriately, and fund a professional delivery team. My first budget would create a site inventory and predevelopment fund, then bring a first group of projects to the Council with transparent costs and schedules. I favor keeping land in public ownership and publishing operating performance after residents move in. The goal is a permanent public asset, not a temporary subsidy.”

6. Hard questions and disciplined answers

“Isn’t public housing a state responsibility?”

Answer: “HPHA is a state agency. Honolulu can still own land, appropriate money, issue debt, enter housing partnerships, and create city-controlled housing.”

“Where will the money come from?”

Answer: “Combine the Affordable Housing Fund, capital appropriations, bonds, federal funds, ground leases, and project revenue. Publish each capital stack and operating pro forma.”

“Will the city become a bad landlord?”

Answer: “Require professional management, resident rights, maintenance reserves, independent audits, and public reports.”

“Why not leave it to private developers?”

Answer: “Private production matters. Public ownership creates a permanent portfolio whose affordability does not expire.”

7. Facts and phrases to memorize

8. Sources